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Stream/Area:
-
Subject:
-
Paper ID:
IJSREM62412
Volume:
10 |
5 |
May 2026
Pages:
1-11
Publication Frequency:
Monthly (12 issues per year)
License:International Journal of Scientific Research in Engineering and Management follows the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0) License, allowing free use and distribution with proper attribution.
Electrical Engineering
Samarth College of Engineering & Management
Electrical Engineering
Samarth College of Engineering & Management
Electrical Engineering
Samarth College of Engineering & Management
Electrical Engineering
Samarth College of Engineering & Management
Electrical Engineering
Samarth College of Engineering & Management
Abstract Unchecked disposal of waste into river systems poses a severe and escalating threat to aquatic ecosystems, public health, and freshwater quality. Conventional manual approaches to river surface cleaning are resource-intensive, operationally hazardous, and lack the ability to monitor progress in real time. This paper proposes and evaluates an IoT-integrated, solar-assisted river surface cleaning robot designed to overcome these limitations through automation and wireless control. The robot employs a NodeMCU ESP8266 microcontroller for Wi-Fi-based remote operation, enabling users to navigate and monitor the system through a web or mobile interface. Propulsion is achieved through 100 RPM DC gear motors driving water-compatible wheels, with an L298N motor driver providing bidirectional motion control. A net-based waste collection chamber captures floating debris while allowing water to pass freely. Power delivery is managed through a 12V rechargeable battery continuously charged by a solar panel, supporting extended autonomous deployment. Testing confirmed effective debris capture, stable remote connectivity, and satisfactory energy performance. The architecture is scalable and presents an eco-conscious alternative to traditional river cleaning methods.
KEYWORDS
This paper presents the design, development, and evaluation of an IoT-enabled solar-powered river surface cleaning robot addressing the limitations of conventional manual and mechanized river cleaning. The system integrates a NodeMCU ESP8266 for Wi-Fi-based remote operation, an L298N motor driver for bidirectional propulsion, a passive net chamber for waste collection, and a solar-charged 12V battery for extended operational duration. Testing confirmed effective floating debris collection in calm water conditions, reliable remote control response through the IoT interface, and sustained operation through solar energy harvesting. Compared to conventional approaches, the system demonstrated substantially higher collection efficiency, longer operational duration, reduced labor cost requirements, and lower grid energy dependence.
[1] Khan, A., Sharma, R., & Patel, S. (2020). Autonomous water surface robot for waste collection in rivers. International Journal of Robotics and Automation, 15(3), 234–245. [2] Sharma, M., Singh, P., & Gupta, V. (2019). Solar-powered water cleaning robot with manual remote control. Journal of Environmental Engineering and Technology, 27(4), 567–574. [3] Mandal, S., Kumar, D., & Sen, A. (2021). Development of solar-powered autonomous cleaning robot for water bodies. Renewable Energy and Sustainability Journal, 12(2), 98–107. [4] Singh, P., Roy, R., & Mehta, A. (2021). IoT-based control of an autonomous cleaning robot using NodeMCU. International Journal of Smart Systems and Robotics, 8(1), 89–97. [5] Gupta, H., Jain, N., & Pandey, R. (2020). Design and implementation of DC gear motor-based water cleaning robot. Mechanical Design and Innovation Journal, 14(2), 312–320. [6] Liu, X., Wang, Y., & Zhang, Q. (2019). Energy-efficient power management in solar-powered autonomous robots. IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy, 10(4), 2056–2064. [7] Gupta, R., Soni, K., & Mishra, D. (2022). IoT and renewable energy-based river cleaning robots: A review. International Journal of Environmental Engineering, 15(2), 148–157. [8] Raj, A., & Kumar, S. (2021). Wi-Fi-controlled river cleaning robot: Design, development, and performance analysis. Journal of Advanced Mechanical Engineering, 28(3), 345–354. [9] Prakash, A., & Rao, D. (2020). Design of an energy-efficient propulsion system for autonomous water surface robots. International Journal of Robotics and Mechanical Systems, 17(2), 156–164. [10] Yadav, M., & Agarwal, S. (2020). Solar energy in autonomous robotic systems for environmental sustainability. Journal of Solar Energy and Applications, 19(3), 221–230.
Publication Date
5/3/2026
Peer Review Type
Double-Blind Peer Review
Review Rounds: 2
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The authors declare no conflict of interest related to this research work.
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